CSIRAC | November 1949

CSIRAC

 


CSIRAC (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Automatic Computer), originally known as CSIR Mk 1, is Australia’s first digital computer and the fifth stored program computer globally. It is the oldest surviving first-generation electronic computer, recognized for being the first to play digital music.

Current Location
After years of exhibition at Melbourne Museum, CSIRAC was relocated to Scienceworks in 2018, where it is permanently displayed in the Think Ahead gallery.

History
Constructed by Trevor Pearcey and Maston Beard, CSIRAC ran its first test program in November 1949, followed by public demonstrations in 1951. Initially restricted in operation from late 1950, it became operational for broader use shortly after.

Design Features

  • Architecture: CSIRAC utilized mercury acoustic delay lines for primary data storage (768 20-bit words) and a parallel disk-type device (4096-word capacity).
  • Valves: It housed approximately 2000 valves, including types such as 6SN7 and KT66, with later modifications incorporating germanium transistors.
  • Input/Output: Input was managed via punched 3-inch wide paper tape, and output was produced through teleprinters or punch tape.

Instruction Set
CSIRAC's instruction set supported basic arithmetic, logical operations, and subroutine calls. Instructions comprised a destination, source, and address, allowing for a range of operational combinations.

Programming
Initially lacking an operating system, a high-level interpreted language called INTERPROGRAM was developed in 1960. It resembled early versions of BASIC.

Musical Milestone
In 1950, CSIRAC became the first digital computer to play music, marking a significant milestone in computing history. Although the original performance wasn't recorded, it has since been accurately reconstructed.

Legacy
In 1955, CSIRAC was moved to the University of Melbourne, becoming Australia's sole academic computing facility until late 1956, fostering early computer usage among many pioneers in Australia.

For more detailed information about CSIRAC and related topics, visit the Museums Victoria Collections website.


이 블로그의 인기 게시물

콜러서스 컴퓨터 [Colossus computer | December 1943]

NTDS [Naval Tactical Data System | 1961]

에니악 [ENIAC | December 10, 1945]