Altair 8800 | 1975
Altair 8800
In 1974, MITS (Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems) designed the Altair 8800, based on the Intel 8080 microprocessor. Initially, this computer had no display or video output devices and had to be connected to a serial terminal for use. One of the key features of this computer was that, in its basic form, it had very few functions but was designed to be expandable with additional hardware. While the Altair 8800 initially had limited functionality, it became a catalyst for the personal computer revolution.
The success of the Altair 8800 was due to an article published in the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics. The Altair, featured on the cover of the magazine, sparked great interest among electronics enthusiasts at the time, and as a result, MITS received unprecedented orders. Within a month, MITS received 1,000 orders, and by May 1975, they had shipped more than 2,500 units. The computer was initially sold for $439, with the base model offering only 1K of memory and basic functions.
Ed Roberts, the founder of MITS, believed in the potential of this computer, and the Altair 8800 was designed as not just a single computer but as an expandable system. This system ultimately led to the creation of the S-100 bus standard, which would later be widely used in the computer industry. However, the real breakthrough for the Altair 8800 came in the form of software. In 1975, Bill Gates and Paul Allen contacted MITS and offered to provide a BASIC interpreter for the Altair 8800. This software, the first programming language for the Altair, demonstrated its practicality before MITS could commercialize it. Based on this experience, Gates and Allen went on to found Microsoft.
The success of the Altair 8800 was an important event that went beyond being just a computer—it helped popularize the concept of personal computers worldwide. MITS later released an improved version, the 8800B, which had a more efficient design. However, MITS’s rise was short-lived. In 1977, MITS was acquired by the Pertec Computer Company, and the Altair 8800 was rebranded and sold as the PCC 8800.
The Altair 8800 remains an important milestone in the history of modern computing. At the time, only a small number of hobbyists could work with electronics or computers, but its potential later expanded to a broader audience, and it ultimately laid the foundation for the personal computers we know today.
